SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM TERMINALIA CATAPPA AND EVALUATION OF ITS BIOACTIVITIES

Sheikh Adnan Sakib; Tania Rahman; Zimam Mahmud; Md. Enamul Haque

doi:10.3329/brc.v9i2.67083

Authors

Sheikh Adnan Sakib Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
Tania Rahman Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Zimam Mahmud Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
Md. Enamul Haque Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3329/brc.v9i2.67083

Keywords:

Terminalia catappa, chromatography, taraxerol, stigmastane-3, 6-diol, antibacterial, cytotoxic, antioxidant

Abstract

Bangladesh is a land of medicinal plants. Terminalia catappa is an important medicinal plant of Bangladesh which is used for various pharmacological and biological activities like hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-fertility, antidiabetic, anticoagulant and antimicrobial. The coarsely powder dried stem bark sample of T. catappa was extracted by the solvent CHCl₃. The concentrated extract was then fractionated by flash column chromatography using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents respectively. The column fraction was further fractionated with void liquid chromatography. Repeated preparative thin layer chromatography of selective fractions resulted in the isolation of two compounds which were identified as a triterpenoid, taraxerol (1) and a steroid, Stigmastane-3, 6-diol (2). The structure of these compounds were elucidated by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and by comparison with reported values. This is the first report of the isolation of these compounds from this plant. The different extracts also showed significant antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The methanol extract did not show significant activity. The antifungal activity of different extract of T. catappa demonstrated promising zone of inhibition except Saccharomyces cerevecae. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the extract of T. catappa exhibited a significant cytotoxic activity. The LC₅₀ value of CHCl₃ soluble extract was found to be 1.55 µg/ml. T. catappa was also reported to have free radical scavenging activity with IC₅₀value of 255.0 µg/ml. Since this plant demonstrated a number of promising pharmacological biological activities, so it can be a good source of natural medicine.

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